What are 'checks and balances' designed to ensure?

Checks and balances are a crucial principle in the structure of government aimed at maintaining a balance of power among different branches. This system is designed to prevent any single branch—executive, legislative, or judicial—from gaining excessive power or authority. By ensuring that each branch has specific powers that can limit the authority of the others, checks and balances promote accountability and protect democratic processes.

For instance, the executive branch may have the ability to veto legislation proposed by the legislative branch, while the legislative branch may have the power to confirm or reject appointments made by the executive. This interplay ensures that no branch can operate independently without oversight from the others, maintaining a stable political environment and safeguarding against the potential for tyranny.

The other options do not align with the purpose of checks and balances; they either promote domination by one party, support rapid legislation without due process, or restrict citizen participation in democracy, all of which are contrary to the principles of balanced governance.