What term describes the movement of people across international borders?

The term that best describes the movement of people across international borders is "migration." Migration encompasses any form of movement from one country or region to another, regardless of the reasons for the movement, including economic factors, social reasons, or even environmental conditions. This broad definition includes various subcategories, such as immigration (moving into a country) and emigration (leaving one's country), but at its core, migration refers to the overall phenomenon of people relocating internationally.

Immigration specifically focuses on the act of entering a foreign country to live, while emigration deals with the departure from one’s home country. Refugee movement is a more specific situation where individuals are forced to leave their country due to persecution, war, or violence. Therefore, migration is the overarching term that encapsulates all these nuances of international movement.