Which type of law deals with disputes between individuals or groups and includes civil courts?

The correct answer is civil law, as it specifically addresses disputes between private individuals or groups. Civil law encompasses a wide range of legal issues, including contract disputes, property disputes, and family law matters. Unlike criminal law, which deals with actions considered harmful to society as a whole and involves prosecution by the state, civil law focuses on resolving private conflicts through legal standards and procedures.

Civil courts are where these cases are heard, and they operate under different principles compared to criminal courts. In civil cases, the emphasis is on resolving the conflict and compensating the wronged party rather than punishing a wrongdoer. This distinction is crucial to understanding the role of civil law in the legal system.